The Sacrifice of Isaac

Michael Hoffman, 11:31 pm, May 25, 2025

Crop by Michael Hoffman

Contents:

links might only work on desktop Chrome/Edge:

Condensed Gallery

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Sacrifice of Isaac (Canterbury Psalter)

Crop by Michael Hoffman

Sacrifice of Isaac (Golden Psalter)

Crop by Michael Hoffman

Sacrifice of Isaac (Van der Borch)

Crop by Michael Hoffman

The Sacrifice of Isaac (Genesis 22) Condensed Passage

“The fire and wood are here,” Isaac said, “but where is the lamb for the burnt offering?”

Abraham answered, “God himself will provide the lamb for the burnt offering.”

Then he reached out his hand and took the knife to slay his son.

But the angel of the Lord called out to him from heaven, 

“Abraham!

Do not lay a hand on the boy.

Do not do anything to him.

Now I know that you fear God, because you have not withheld from me your son, your only son.”

Abraham looked up and there in a thicket he saw a ram caught by its horns.

He went over and took the ram and sacrificed it as a burnt offering instead of his son.

And to this day it is said, “On the mountain of the Lord it will be provided.”

“I swear by myself, declares the Lord, that because you have done this and have not withheld your only son, I will surely bless you and make your descendants as numerous as the stars in the sky.

Through your offspring all nations on earth will be blessed, because you have obeyed me.”

— Gen 22:7-18
https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=gen%2022%3A7-18&version=NIV

The above is my gen22 keyboard shortcut expansion, broken up per sentence.

The Sacrifice of Isaac, Condensed; Key Phrases (Keyboard Shortcut)

“The fire and wood are here,” Isaac said, “but where is the lamb for the burnt offering?” Abraham answered, “God himself will provide the lamb for the burnt offering.” Then he reached out his hand and took the knife to slay his son. But the angel of the Lord called out to him from heaven, “Abraham! Do not lay a hand on the boy. Do not do anything to him. Now I know that you fear God, because you have not withheld from me your son, your only son.” Abraham looked up and there in a thicket he saw a ram caught by its horns. He went over and took the ram and sacrificed it as a burnt offering instead of his son. And to this day it is said, “On the mountain of the Lord it will be provided.” “I swear by myself, declares the Lord, that because you have done this and have not withheld your only son, I will surely bless you and make your descendants as numerous as the stars in the sky. Through your offspring all nations on earth will be blessed, because you have obeyed me.” Gen 22:7-18 https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=gen%2022%3A7-18&version=NIV

May 26, 2025: Fixed/improved the above keyboard shortcut, gen22.

Goal: the very most potent, central, valuable key phrases, condensed.

Entire Chapter: Genesis 22 (NIV)

https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=gen%2022&version=NIV —

simple copypaste, no edits:

Abraham Tested

22 Some time later God tested Abraham. He said to him, “Abraham!”

“Here I am,” he replied.

2 Then God said, “Take your son, your only son, whom you love—Isaac—and go to the region of Moriah. Sacrifice him there as a burnt offering on a mountain I will show you.”

3 Early the next morning Abraham got up and loaded his donkey. He took with him two of his servants and his son Isaac. When he had cut enough wood for the burnt offering, he set out for the place God had told him about. 4 On the third day Abraham looked up and saw the place in the distance. 5 He said to his servants, “Stay here with the donkey while I and the boy go over there. We will worship and then we will come back to you.”

6 Abraham took the wood for the burnt offering and placed it on his son Isaac, and he himself carried the fire and the knife. As the two of them went on together, 7 Isaac spoke up and said to his father Abraham, “Father?”

“Yes, my son?” Abraham replied.

“The fire and wood are here,” Isaac said, “but where is the lamb for the burnt offering?”

8 Abraham answered, “God himself will provide the lamb for the burnt offering, my son.” And the two of them went on together.

9 When they reached the place God had told him about, Abraham built an altar there and arranged the wood on it. He bound his son Isaac and laid him on the altar, on top of the wood. 10 Then he reached out his hand and took the knife to slay his son. 11 But the angel of the Lord called out to him from heaven, “Abraham! Abraham!”

“Here I am,” he replied.

12 “Do not lay a hand on the boy,” he said. “Do not do anything to him. Now I know that you fear God, because you have not withheld from me your son, your only son.”

13 Abraham looked up and there in a thicket he saw a ram[a] caught by its horns. He went over and took the ram and sacrificed it as a burnt offering instead of his son. 14 So Abraham called that place The Lord Will Provide. And to this day it is said, “On the mountain of the Lord it will be provided.”

15 The angel of the Lord called to Abraham from heaven a second time 16 and said, “I swear by myself, declares the Lord, that because you have done this and have not withheld your son, your only son, 17 I will surely bless you and make your descendants as numerous as the stars in the sky and as the sand on the seashore. Your descendants will take possession of the cities of their enemies, 18 and through your offspring[b] all nations on earth will be blessed,[c] because you have obeyed me.”

19 Then Abraham returned to his servants, and they set off together for Beersheba. And Abraham stayed in Beersheba.

Nahor’s Sons

20 Some time later Abraham was told, “Milkah is also a mother; she has borne sons to your brother Nahor: 21 Uz the firstborn, Buz his brother, Kemuel (the father of Aram), 22 Kesed, Hazo, Pildash, Jidlaph and Bethuel.” 23 Bethuel became the father of Rebekah. Milkah bore these eight sons to Abraham’s brother Nahor. 24 His concubine, whose name was Reumah, also had sons: Tebah, Gaham, Tahash and Maakah.

Footnotes

  1. Genesis 22:13 Many manuscripts of the Masoretic Text, Samaritan Pentateuch, Septuagint and Syriac; most manuscripts of the Masoretic Text a ram behind him
  2. Genesis 22:18 Or seed
  3. Genesis 22:18 Or and all nations on earth will use the name of your offspring in blessings (see 48:20)

Entire Chapter: Genesis 22 (KJB)

https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=gen%2022&version=KJV —

simple copypaste, no edits:

22 And it came to pass after these things, that God did tempt Abraham, and said unto him, Abraham: and he said, Behold, here I am.

2 And he said, Take now thy son, thine only son Isaac, whom thou lovest, and get thee into the land of Moriah; and offer him there for a burnt offering upon one of the mountains which I will tell thee of.

3 And Abraham rose up early in the morning, and saddled his ass, and took two of his young men with him, and Isaac his son, and clave the wood for the burnt offering, and rose up, and went unto the place of which God had told him.

4 Then on the third day Abraham lifted up his eyes, and saw the place afar off.

5 And Abraham said unto his young men, Abide ye here with the ass; and I and the lad will go yonder and worship, and come again to you.

6 And Abraham took the wood of the burnt offering, and laid it upon Isaac his son; and he took the fire in his hand, and a knife; and they went both of them together.

7 And Isaac spake unto Abraham his father, and said, My father: and he said, Here am I, my son. And he said, Behold the fire and the wood: but where is the lamb for a burnt offering?

8 And Abraham said, My son, God will provide himself a lamb for a burnt offering: so they went both of them together.

9 And they came to the place which God had told him of; and Abraham built an altar there, and laid the wood in order, and bound Isaac his son, and laid him on the altar upon the wood.

10 And Abraham stretched forth his hand, and took the knife to slay his son.

11 And the angel of the Lord called unto him out of heaven, and said, Abraham, Abraham: and he said, Here am I.

12 And he said, Lay not thine hand upon the lad, neither do thou any thing unto him: for now I know that thou fearest God, seeing thou hast not withheld thy son, thine only son from me.

13 And Abraham lifted up his eyes, and looked, and behold behind him a ram caught in a thicket by his horns: and Abraham went and took the ram, and offered him up for a burnt offering in the stead of his son.

14 And Abraham called the name of that place Jehovahjireh: as it is said to this day, In the mount of the Lord it shall be seen.

15 And the angel of the Lord called unto Abraham out of heaven the second time,

16 And said, By myself have I sworn, saith the Lord, for because thou hast done this thing, and hast not withheld thy son, thine only son:

17 That in blessing I will bless thee, and in multiplying I will multiply thy seed as the stars of the heaven, and as the sand which is upon the sea shore; and thy seed shall possess the gate of his enemies;

18 And in thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed; because thou hast obeyed my voice.

19 So Abraham returned unto his young men, and they rose up and went together to Beersheba; and Abraham dwelt at Beersheba.

20 And it came to pass after these things, that it was told Abraham, saying, Behold, Milcah, she hath also born children unto thy brother Nahor;

21 Huz his firstborn, and Buz his brother, and Kemuel the father of Aram,

22 And Chesed, and Hazo, and Pildash, and Jidlaph, and Bethuel.

23 And Bethuel begat Rebekah: these eight Milcah did bear to Nahor, Abraham’s brother.

24 And his concubine, whose name was Reumah, she bare also Tebah, and Gaham, and Thahash, and Maachah.

Mytheme Decoding: {son} = the Egoic Personal Control System; Possibilism-Thinking with Monolithic, Autonomous Control

  1. The altered state is forced upon the mind by the snake-shaped worldline,
  2. the raven psychopomp leads awareness up out from the egoic personal control system,
  3. vulnerability is demonstrated; non-control of a sort is demonstrated, personal control system is threatened to death;
  4. then angel message from higher thinking does a lightning-strike in the idea realm, that is like a substitute sacrifice, like Abraham’s ram caught in a bush so that
  5. Abraham and his youths-servants walk away unharmed (Isaac is smoked in a way, and not smoked in a way); like king Jesus on the cross, then released into resurrection.

That’s the peak-state dynamic of cybernetic eternalism; mental model transformation from possibilism to eternalism; maturation – psychospiritual development maturation caused by Psilocybin, the source of religions and meditation satori covered by Alan Watts’ article Zen and the Problem of Control around 1958 in the 1960 book This Is It.

{son}, son of Man; son of God – same idea. Mytheme decoding left as an exercise for the reader.

Mytheme Decoding: {obey God’s commands}

Be made to recognize and perceive 2-level, dependent control. A cybernetics principle in peak loose cognition state.

“Blessed are those who wash their robes, that they may have the right to the tree of life and may go through the gates into the city.”

– Revelation 22:14 (the last page of the Bible), NIV
https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=rev%2022%3A14&version=NIV

“Blessed are they that do his commandments, that they may have right to the tree of life, and may enter in through the gates into the city.”

– Revelation 22:14 (the last page of the Bible), KJB
https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=rev%2022%3A14&version=KJV

INSANE! How in the hell does text get translated both as:

  • wash their robes
  • do his commandments

keyboard shortcut:
“Blessed are they that do his commandments, that they may have right to the tree of life, and may enter in through the gates into the city.” – Revelation 22:14 (the last page of the Bible), KJB https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=rev%2022%3A14&version=KJV
rev2214kj

Mytheme Decoding: {blood gives life}

https://www.google.com/search?q=apotropaic – avert wrath

Loss of control (of a sort); experience of the threat of catastrophic loss of control — ultimate quasi-psychotic bad trip threat, ego death, as reflected in myth: blood = cybernetic boundary violation.

The ultimate terror threat idea received, in loss of control, is essentially figured or signified in a loss of control causing blood, a control boundary violation.

Then receive the idea of the idea…; receive the meta idea, angel messenger (Hermes).

Why is Myth filled with blood, sacrifice, violence? b/c boundary control-boundary transgression/ violation/ disproof/ overpowering. “receiving control commandments” per Louis Sass’ books about Madness and Modernism.

Bring piglet to Eleusis, to see its blood, cleansing you via hybrid literalism/ analogy.

The god (uncontrollable source of control-thoughts) could force the personal control system to (like Attis) transgress and cause harm, signified by the idea of being made to draw blood.

Horror = blood = gory =

Robert M. Price on the topic of metaphysical horror and myth.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_M._Price#H._P._Lovecraft_scholarship

Search web:
https://www.google.com/search?q=Robert+M.+Price+horror – Lovecraft; Cthulu
https://www.google.com/search?q=metaphysical+horror+myth
https://www.google.com/search?q=metaphysical+horror

The {threat-then-peace} Dynamic; The Lightning-Rod Dynamic; Divine Wrath and Appeasement

From 2007 main article:
https://egodeaththeory.org/the-entheogen-theory-of-religion-and-ego-death-2006-main-article/#Wrath-Compassion-and-Making-Peace

From Idea development page 29:

Gallery

Sacrifice of Isaac (Canterbury Psalter)

Crop by Michael Hoffman

hypothesis from seconds ago prediction confirmed: 11:53 pm May 25, 2025: angel: Left hand touches blade. 3 of 3.

Sacrifice of Isaac (Golden Psalter)

Crop by Michael Hoffman

Features:

  • hypothesis from seconds ago prediction confirmed: 11:53 pm May 25, 2025: angel: Left hand touches blade. 2 of 2.
  • Angel: visually cut left arm.
  • Abr: visually cut left leg.
  • Isaac: visually cut left arm & left leg.
  • ram: stand on left foot (incorrect), look to left (incorrect). Abr: look to Right. Isaac: look to left. 12:46 am May 26, 2025.
  • previously noted: Abr: stand on right foot. {mushroom hem}. Isaac: stand on right leg (correct).
  • ram: cut left leg, in rear (ambig).
  • Ram: visually cut R leg (the desirable form).

Need shorthand: re: handedness: always indicate handedness, and now add:
Say whether that is the desired standard handedness, or the reverse.

The tricky thing w/ handedness: it is extra squirrely and high amount of play, because can be any of 3:

  • significant, asserts the standard form.
  • significant, asserts the reverse of the standard form.
  • not significant.

The use of the handedness motif is highly significant (sometimes), but also is highly variable and is often insignificant (an onerous artistic constraint).

The strange result is that we MUST ALWAYS inventory handedness, even when it is not significant.

A later, distinct phase is to review all the handedness in an image (& across multiple images), and then look for meaningful patterns of usage of the standard orientation & of the reverse of the standard orientation.

Often, or even typically, the contrast is the thing: enlightenment = know good vs evil; good vs bad; branching AND non-branching.

The Tree of the Knowledge of Eternalism and Possibilism

12:58 am May 26, 2025

The Tree of the Knowledge of Possibilism vs. Eternalism

The Tree of the Knowledge of Branching and Non-Branching

The tree of the knowledge of possibilism vs. eternalism.

tree of knowledge = good / evil = good / bad = stable / unstable = possibilism-thinking vs eternalism-thinking = possibilism vs. eternalism.

I hesitate to say simply, “possibilism-thinking is bad/unreal/ illusion”.

Of most value (wisdom) is knowing the contrast between the two ways of thinking: possibilism vs. eternalism.

Not oversimplistic “possibilism = bad”, or the crude notion “get rid of possibilism-thinking”.

Sacrifice of Isaac (Van der Borch)

Crop by Michael Hoffman

Features:

  • {blade}
  • {fire} [implied by branches/altar; mentioned in text as burnt offering]
  • {rock} – altar for the burnt offering.
  • ram: {left foot lifted}
  • angel: R hand closer to ground than L hand; = stand on right foot.
  • 11:53 pm May 25, 2025: angel: Left hand touches blade. IMMEDIATELY SUGGESTS THE SCIENCE-PREDICTION: THE OTHER PICTURES HAVE SAME: CONFIRMED TWICE; 3 FOR 3. 🏆 – a source for f134 major theme by Eadwine in Great Canterbury Psalter; {blade touch left limb} and in other pictures in the medieval art genre of {mushroom-trees}.
  • Abraham: {stand on right foot} = eternalism-thinking.
  • branches
  • angel messenger of God: splayed left-hand fingers, single right-hand finger
  • tree: branching on left; {cut right branch}
  • Isaac: hand shape: thumb out, four fingers together non-branching

Burning Bush (Van der Borch)

Crop by Michael Hoffman

Features:

Splayed left-hand fingers, two right-hand fingers held together.

Relevant to Sacrifice of Isaac (Van der Borch).

12:20 am May 26, 2025: Moses’ horns = branching; possibly “knowledge about branching” (not necessarily an assertion of possibility-branching).

Some “burning bush” are shown as tree, confirming that cutting branching = burning branching = asserting non-branching.

Note the left crown of tree: like some mystic astrology cosmos trees, it does have a Y on left; but still, there is more branching in main crown (on R) than on the smaller crown (here, on the L).

Principle of RELATIVE CONTRAST in various scopes eg local scope; even though L tree …

12:23 am May 26, 2025: read the pair of trees, speaking of “relatively branching”! Relatively, the L tree = branching; R tree = non-branching. ie, analyzed at scope of “both trees”, or “pair of trees”, it’s a Y-I tree-pair.

Seems like theme in picture is “all elements of the image are IY form, except God’s fingers are the ideal YI”.

ie as noted previously elsewhere, Moses wrongly splays R hand and does {stand on left foot}, both which are incorrect/ against the standard.

There are so many elements against the standard handedness, I would think this image is flipped by a clueless person, except that God’s fingers are highly valuable and highly correct, matching wonderfully the remarkable breakthrough decoding of Saint Martin: Entry into Jerusalem: Jesus’ finger-shapes.

wolf on L = control instability threat;
sheep on R = control stability = gentle harmless peace.

Saint Martin Church: Left-Hand Fingers Splayed, Right-Hand Two Fingers Pressed Together

Crop by Michael Hoffman

Features:

  • Relevant to Sacrifice of Isaac (Van der Borch).
  • from viewer POV: Jesus forms IY; the called devotee youth in tree forms IY. More branching on R than L; reverse of the standard. Jesus’ L hand is, for us, shown on the R; thus branching on the R. Same w/ sticks & feathers: more branching on the R. b/c notice, mostly, the feather is to the R of the sticks.

Much handedness is not significant, yet, we must always fully analyze handedness, at every “fractal” scope (bigger scope, distinct from smaller scope).

Branching donkey ears visually cut the R arm, thus forming “cut right limb” (that is the standard orientation).

f134: Class and Trees

Crop by Michael Hoffman – f134 row 1 Left

Features:

Left hand touches blade. L = branching possibilities; possibilism-thinking.

12:32 am May 26, 2025, slightly different angle of my point: students: the 3 displayed L hands all have – from both viewer’s POV & the figures’ POV, they are making the wrong shape: the anti-normal form: IY; whereas:

The two hands that are on the left are Right hands: though they are IY form from the viewer’s POV, they are the desirable YI form, from the figures’ POV.

12:06 am May 26, 2025: the hand shape: look at your right hand palm this way: YI. look at your left hand palm this way: IY, the reverse of the ideal form w/ branching = L, non-branching = R.

Interpretation principle: What the artist had in mind is less important than the decoder’s ability to project meaningful patterns onto the resulting image that the artist was used, as a vessel of the muses, to produce. Some literary theory has this principle, that the text can have meaning that’s over the author’s head.

then, re-assess a such a new idea the other day yesterday, did I write it yet? or only voice recording May 24 2025? — teacher has two heads, including a youth with no limbs, just like the floating sage row 2 R.

The Teacher has two ways of thinking, including fearful possibilism-thinking that is threatened.

Thus – my driving point at the moment — re-assess teacher’s L arm, which I proved MUST belong to teacher not to “student 2”, though note, student 2’s face is the teacher’s 2nd face (or, original face; original way of thinking).

Thus teacher displays both R hand and L hand; his attached youth has no limbs.

[12:11 am May 26, 2025]: re: these two limbless youths: their branching has been cut; applies to row 1 R also: the table scene where BEARDED SAGES HAVE NO LIMBS; they have cut possibility-branching.

Compare in Great Canterbury Psalter the motifs: corpse w/ cut left limbs; empty Left sleeve.

f134: Banquet

Crop by Michael Hoffman

Features:

  • limbless, cut-branching sages: teacher & father.
  • 12:15 am May 26, 2025: on Right, youth shows no information with L hand, and shows message hand YI form with Right hand.
  • Maiden does not yet indicate “branching vs. non-branching” with fingers; displays no thumb. 12:17 am May 26, 2025.
  • 12:17 am May 26, 2025 – God and red guy display the lesser form, IY hand shape.

Self-Threatening Psalter Reader

Crop by Cybermon

Features:

  • Her hand shape is R hand YI (good): affirming YI gives stable control – {balance scale}.

YI Right Hand Shape, {balance scale}, Both Feet Down at Stable Column Base

Near-limbless, 2nd POV/ 2nd mental model is attached to her – it’s odd that the Left woman has a foot; expect no limbs.

Crop by Michael Hoffman

{two-headed person} Motif in Image f134

[8:23 am May 26, 2025]

f134 row 1 L: consider students 3 & 4 as 1 person with two mental models: one fearful, one peaceful.

Need set of crops, or white boxes on f134: all instances of “two-headed person”.

Instances of the {two-headed person} motif in image f134 of Great Canterbury Psalter:

  • row 1 L: Teacher & student 2 — the Right-hand figure is limbless.
  • row 1 L: Student 3 & 4 — the Right-hand figure is limbless.
  • row 2 M: Women — the Left-hand figure is near-limbless.
  • row 2 R: Floating sage — the Right-hand figure is limbless.

Motivation for this Page

It was a good call that half what I write is analysis of the sacrifice of Isaac.
Yet my Site Map has “Isaac” 0 times, somehow.

Need a page containing “the sacrifice of Isaac” images from the medieval art genre of {mushroom-trees}.

Very often, I wish to see and show a collection of images of this most-central mytheme.

Videos: Sacrifice, Blood Pass-Over, Wrath, Threat

The Bible’s Most Dangerous Story — Here’s Why [Isaac] (Mindshift, Apr. 2025)

“Mindshift” channel is literalist; zilch consciousness of analogicity. You are right: it doesn’t make sense, AS LONG AS YOU ARE LITERALIST.

The literalism, ordinary-state-based critique of literalism magical thinking fails to escape the orbit of literalist magical thinking and reach higher orbit of mythic analogy in which:

  • Abraham is not literal.
  • son is not literal.
  • Isaac is not literal.
  • Ram is not literal.
  • Seed (offspring) of Abraham (through Isaac) is not literal.
  • Ram killled with knife and burned with fire branches is not literal.
  • Ram caught in thicket by its horns is not literal.
  • Atonement for sins is not literal.
  • Covered and washed and atoned by blood of ram/lamb (Gen 22 uses both words; “God will provide the lamb”) is not literal.

The payout: “Unharmed” is literal. The mind’s personal control system is exposed to the instructive threat (angel message from God), experience of the threat of catastrophic loss of control (= blood violence transgression), that transforms the mental model of control from monolithic, autonomous control to 2-level, dependent control.

Video title:
The Bible’s Most Dangerous Story — Here’s Why
YouTube channel: Mindshift
Apr 27, 2025

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HoQ-qP3j2_A —

Desc:

“What if obedience isn’t a virtue?

“In this video, we take a hard look at one of the Bible’s most celebrated and most disturbing stories: the near-sacrifice of Isaac by Abraham.

“Far from being a model of faith, this story reveals how blind obedience can override conscience, love, and morality itself.”

Chapters:

Why Christianity Is Obsessed With Blood — Worse Than You Think (Mindshift, May 2025)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c0NB2117Quw&t=985s
Starts w/ kind of interesting point that God kills animals to make clothing for Adam & Eve, covering them.

{outer garment robe} = mental model of personal control system in branching world. Place that under the incoming higher controller, while kneeling

The {kneel} motif in the medieval art genre of {mushroom-trees}:

  • right foot forward.
  • left foot floating.
  • both legs bent; not stand up w/ a straight leg.

“Mindshift” channel is literalist; zilch consciousness of analogicity.

Video title:
Why Christianity Is Obsessed With Blood — Worse Than You Think
YouTube channel: Mindshift
May 18, 2025
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c0NB2117Quw —

It confirms my judgment of relevance: He links this video to the other key new video I watched/noticed: the sacrifice of Isaac.

“Why is Christianity so obsessed with blood?

“From animal sacrifices to Jesus’ crucifixion to Revelation’s rivers of wrath, blood is treated not just as sacred—but necessary.

“In this episode, we explore how violence became the path to redemption, and why forgiveness in the Bible always seems to require someone’s death.

“Is this divine justice—or ancient brutality with a holy name?

“If you’ve ever questioned why “washed in the blood” is seen as beautiful, this one’s for you.”

Chapters:

Mythos to Logos – When Humanity Finally Questioned the Gods (Mindshift, Apr. 2025)

Literalist? Zilch consciousness of analogicity?

Video title:
Mythos to Logos – When Humanity Finally Questioned the Gods
YouTube channel: Mindshift
Apr 24, 2025
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=drow-KZHpDE —

Axial age = 800 – 200 B.C.
todo: confirm his era names; he mentioned The Enlightenment.

Desc:

Books:

Chapters:

See Also

pending

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Author: egodeaththeory

http://egodeath.com

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